Wuzland® and Primus® Manhole Covers

Definitions and glossary

• Product Code, Dimension Details and Clear Opening
  • We use the dimensions of the covers to name as Product Code for our Primus® and Wuzland® manhole covers while clear opening (C/O) is the inner dimensions of the frame. SABS product codes were also used for the types. Dimension Details of the manhole covers indicate all the useful specifications required for the architect's design or installation. For example in the image, 900x600x50, product code of this manhole cover, is the dimensions of length (A) by width (B) by thickness (H) of its cover, and its clear opening is 857x557, i.e., CxD, the inner dimensions of length by width of its frame. Usually the clear opening of manhole cover should be no less than the one of the manhole to be installed on.
• Duty Classes, light (L), medium (M) and heavy (H)
  • According to the standard of SABS (SANS1882:2003), our Primus® and Wuzland® manhole covers are divided into three duty classes of light (L), medium (M) and heavy (H), however each duty class is further subdivided into three groups by their force resistance, weight or load capacity against the vehicles allowed to be driven over the specified manhole covers safely and the Gross Weight of such vehicles (GVM) is indicated as figures in Tons, for example, M10, means medium duty and 10 tons of vehicle Gross weight (GVM).
  • Read more Reports: SABS SANS(1882:2003 and 558:2009)
  • Read more Duty classes of primus® and wuzland® manhole covers
• Force Resistance of the manhole cover
  • Force resistance means the capacity of resistance of the tested manhole covers against the maximum laboratory testing force applied, which is required by the Standards for certain duty class. No damage is found with this force into the tested manhole covers, i.e., it is guaranteed safety under this figure while it may cause damage higher over that. Read below "Strength test of SABS (SANS1882:2003)" for better understanding.
• Weight Tolerance, Load Capacity and Weight Capacity
  • Force and weight is two different concept, no formula should be used for them. However in practice 1KN of force is usually converted to 102.04 KG of weight while in engineering and construction 10KN≈1TON is applied for estimation. If it's supposed that one cover supports one quarter of weight of a four wheels vehicle, the formula of Vehicle GVM=4x Force Resistance of Cover x100 is theoretically established. However many factors affect this conversion of force to weight in practice, so the formula can not be used for calculation. We only use recommended figures of safety provided by the manufacturers.
• Weight of manhole cover
  • WEIGHT: the total weight of both cover and frame. Most of our Wuzland® and Primus® manhole covers, sewer and drain covers, gully gratings are sold with both covers and frames while covers without the frames or lids are sold only as trench covers and grids inlets.
• Vehicle Weight - Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM)
  • VEHICLE WEIGHT: the estimated maximum Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) or Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) of the vehicle which is allowed to be driven over the cover safely is recommended by the manufacturers. It's the same as the above mentioned weight tolerance, weight capacity or load capacity of the manhole cover.
• SABS Approved
  • A product of manhole cover is sent to SABS for testing and pass the tests, inspection and assessment to reach the standard of SABS for the manhole covers, a certificate of SABS approved is granted to the manufacturer, then the sign of SABS Approved is allowed to print on the surface of the manhole covers.
• Strength Test of manhole covers SABS (SANS1882:2003)
  • Strength test of SABS (SANS1882:2003): A loading disc of diameter 150mm by a compression testing machine is pressed on the tested manhole cover with the force at a rate not exceeding 36KN/min up to certain required value, and held for a period of 30 seconds, without a sign of fracture and permanent set. This value of the force is named by us as force resistance of the manhole cover.
• Prices Validation: THREE Months
  • All the prices of Wuzland® and Primus® manhole covers quoted are valid for 3 MONTHS.. The prices are subject to change without notice but this does NOT affect the prices in the valid quotation.